Sell a Mobile or Manufactured Home: Statement of Ownership, Real-Property Election, and Tax Liens

Unless it has gone through the Occupations Code §1201.2075 real-property election — including the county real property records filing §1201.2055 requires — a manufactured or mobile home in Texas is personal property, titled through a TDHCA Statement of Ownership rather than a deed.

Occupations Code §1201.206 sets a 60-day window from the date of sale. Miss it and TDHCA can assess a late fee of at least $100 against the seller, and the statute is explicit that ownership does not actually pass until the application is filed.

No. Section 1201.206 states that ownership of a manufactured home "does not pass or vest at a sale or transfer of the home until a completed application for the issuance of a statement of ownership is filed with the department." A bill of sale alone does not transfer title.

Tax Code §32.03 bars transferring ownership until every TDHCA-filed tax lien on the home is released or satisfied, and until property taxes accrued in the 18 months before the sale are paid. That record lives at TDHCA, separate from county tax records.

The build date is the dividing line: homes built on or after June 15, 1976 carry a federal HUD certification label. Older homes are not HUD-Code homes and Texas requires a Texas Seal issued by TDHCA instead, which TDHCA will sell and attach if one is missing.

Yes. A leased lot adds a step the statutes above don't cover: the park typically has to approve the incoming buyer and the lot lease has to be assigned or re-signed, on top of whatever TDHCA transfer is required for the home itself.

Occupations Code §1201.2076 governs converting a home from real property back to personal property. It exists for cases like a park move or a buyer's financing structure that requires the home to be titled as personal property again.

Many mortgage lenders underwrite real property, not a TDHCA-titled personal-property home, which limits financing options on an unconverted manufactured home. A cash purchase isn't waiting on that underwriting, though it still has to clear the same TDHCA ownership and tax-lien record before closing.

Texas regulates manufactured housing under the Manufactured Housing Standards Act, Occupations Code Chapter 1201, administered by the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs (TDHCA) Manufactured Housing Division. Unless a home has gone through the real-property election described below, it is titled as personal property, and the document that shows who owns it is a Statement of Ownership issued by TDHCA — not a deed recorded at the county. That is the fact that derails these sales: a title company can search the county deed records all day and find nothing on a home that is still personal property, because the ownership and lien history lives at TDHCA instead. If you're ready to sell either way, we'll walk you through it, the same as we would for a standard house sale.

Occupations Code §1201.206 puts a clock on every sale. On the first retail sale the retailer must submit a completed application to TDHCA, with the surrendered manufacturer's certificate, within 60 days — and if the retailer doesn't, the consumer may apply instead. On a later resale the same 60-day window applies to the seller. Miss it and §1201.206 authorizes a late fee of at least $100 against the seller. More importantly for a sale in progress, the statute is explicit that "ownership of a manufactured home does not pass or vest at a sale or transfer of the home until a completed application for the issuance of a statement of ownership is filed with the department." A signed bill of sale alone does not transfer title.

Section 1201.204 adds a documentation layer for the first sale: the manufacturer's certificate stops evidencing ownership at that point and the retailer must surrender the original to TDHCA. If it is missing, TDHCA still has to issue a statement of ownership to a consumer on an otherwise-complete application — but not to a retailer with an unresolved lien on record.

An owner can convert a manufactured home from personal property into real property under §1201.2075, "Conversion from Personal Property to Real Property." TDHCA cannot issue the converted statement of ownership until every lien on the home is released or the lienholder consents in writing, with a narrow exception where a licensed title insurance company, or an insured lender or attorney, already holds a policy covering those liens. Filing the election is only half the job: §1201.2055 requires the owner, within 60 days of receiving the statement of ownership reflecting the election, to file a certified copy in the real property records of the county where the home sits — here, the Dallas County Clerk — and to notify both TDHCA and the county's chief appraiser of that filing. The election is not perfected until both steps are done.

It runs in reverse too. §1201.2076, "Conversion from Real Property to Personal Property," covers going back to a chattel title, which matters for a park move or a buyer's financing structure. TDHCA cannot issue that statement until it has inspected the home and found it habitable and until every lien — including a tax lien — is released or every lienholder, including a taxing unit, consents in writing; the inspection step is waived only on a sale or transfer to a retailer. Either direction turns on those lien mechanics, which is why a lien search at TDHCA, not just the county, is step one on any manufactured home that might have been converted.

Tax Code §32.03 puts a hard stop on transferring a manufactured home with unresolved property taxes. A person may not transfer ownership until every tax lien that was timely and properly filed with TDHCA has been extinguished, satisfied, or released, and until personal property taxes that accrued on each January 1 falling within the 18 months before the sale have been paid. That 18-month look-back is what catches sellers off guard — it isn't just "pay what's currently past due," it's a defined window the statute sets regardless of when the county actually billed it. On the other side, §32.03 also protects a bona fide purchaser or a lienholder recorded on the statement of ownership from being on the hook for any tax that TDHCA has no record of. In practice, clearing the TDHCA tax-lien and ownership record before closing is what keeps a sale from stalling at the title company, and it is a lien type our guide to sell a house with liens on it doesn't cover, because it runs through TDHCA rather than the county.

Every manufactured home carries an identification tag, and which kind depends on when it was built. Homes built on or after June 15, 1976 fall under the federal HUD Code and carry a HUD certification label (the "HUD tag") issued under HUD's Office of Manufactured Housing Programs standards. Homes built before that date — commonly the ones people still call "mobile homes" rather than manufactured homes — are not HUD-Code homes; Texas requires them to carry a Texas Seal issued by TDHCA instead, and TDHCA will sell and attach a Texas Seal to a pre-HUD home that is missing one. TDHCA's own home-ownership and tax-lien lookup tools are indexed by that HUD label or Texas Seal number together with the home's serial number, so before listing or contracting on a used home, that number (not just the address) is what pulls the ownership and lien history.

Where the home sits changes the sale in ways the statutes above don't cover. If it sits on land the seller owns outright and has not gone through the real-property election, the sale is still a personal-property transfer through TDHCA even though the buyer also needs a deed for the land itself — two transactions layered on one closing. If it sits on a leased lot in a manufactured home community, the lot lease has to be assigned or re-signed, and most parks require their own approval of an incoming resident independent of anything TDHCA requires. When a park won't approve a buyer, or the lease can't be assigned, the practical alternative is moving the home off the lot, which carries transport and setup cost a seller should price in before assuming a park-lot sale works like a land sale. We look at both arrangements the same way we look at a standard house sale, including owned-land sales throughout the surrounding suburbs.

A house closes with a deed recorded at the county. A personal-property manufactured home closes with a completed TDHCA Statement of Ownership application — a different form, a different agency, and under §1201.206 a transaction that legally does not transfer ownership until that application is filed. That is exactly why a financed buyer struggles on an unconverted manufactured home: many mortgage lenders underwrite real property, not a TDHCA-titled chattel asset, which is part of why these sales lean cash. A cash sale skips the financing gate and still clears the same TDHCA lien and tax-lien record.

We buy mobile and manufactured homes across the county as-is, on either land arrangement. If you are also weighing a land sale on the same lot, that works the same way for a house on owned land. Call (323) 622-6021 for a no-obligation cash offer on the home and, once the TDHCA record is clear, close in as little as 7 days.